Square tubes are produced according to production processes: hot-rolled seamless square tubes, cold-drawn seamless square tubes, extruded seamless square tubes, and welded square tubes.

焊接方管分为:

Welded square pipes are divided into:

(a)按工艺分为电弧焊方管、电阻焊方管(高频和低频)、气焊方管和炉焊方管两部分

(a) According to the process, it is divided into two parts: electric arc welding square tube, resistance welding square tube (high-frequency and low-frequency), gas welding square tube, and furnace welding square tube

(b)按焊缝分为直焊方管和螺旋焊方管

(b) Divided into straight welded square tubes and spiral welded square tubes according to the weld seam

材料分类

Material classification

方管按材质分为普通碳钢方管和低合金方管。常用的碳钢分为Q195、Q215、Q235、SS400、20 ×钢、45 #钢等;低合金钢分为Q345、16Mn、Q390、St52-3等。

Square pipes are divided into ordinary carbon steel square pipes and low alloy square pipes according to their material. Commonly used carbon steel is divided into Q195, Q215, Q235, SS400, and 20 × Steel, 45 # steel, etc; Low alloy steel is divided into Q345, 16Mn, Q390, St52-3, etc.

生产标准分类

Production standard classification

方管分为国标方管、日标方管、英标方管、美标方管、欧标方管、非标方管。

Square tubes are divided into national standard square tubes, Japanese standard square tubes, British standard square tubes, American standard square tubes, European standard square tubes, and non-standard square tubes.

截面形状分类

Classification of cross-sectional shapes

方管按截面形状分类:

Square tubes are classified by cross-sectional shape:

(1)具有简单截面的方管——方管和矩形方管

(1) Square tubes with simple cross-sections - square tubes and rectangular tubes

(2)复杂截面方管——花形方管、开口方管、波纹方管、异型方管

(2) Complex cross-section square tubes - flower shaped square tubes, open square tubes, corrugated square tubes, and irregular square tubes

表面处理的分类

Classification of surface treatment

方管按表面处理方式分为热镀锌方管、电镀锌方管、涂油方管和酸洗方管

Square pipes are divided into hot-dip galvanized square pipes, electrogalvanized square pipes, oiled square pipes, and pickled square pipes according to surface treatment methods

使用分类

Use classification

方管分类利用平方为装饰管,方管机床设备,方管的机械行业,方管为化工、广场钢结构管,方管为造船、方管为汽车、钢铁梁柱方管,方管专用

The classification of square tubes uses square as decorative tubes, square tube machine tool equipment, and square tube machinery industry. Square tubes are chemical and square steel structural tubes, square tubes are shipbuilding, square tubes are automobile and steel beam column square tubes, and square tubes are specialized for square tubes

壁厚分类

Wall thickness classification

方管按壁厚分类——超厚方管、厚壁方管和薄壁方管

Square tubes are classified by wall thickness - ultra thick square tubes, thick walled square tubes, and thin-walled square tubes

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方管性能

Square tube performance

1.塑性

1. Plasticity

塑性是指金属材料在载荷作用下产生塑性变形而不损伤的能力。

Plasticity refers to the ability of metal materials to undergo plastic deformation without damage under load.

2.硬度

2. Hardness

硬度是衡量金属材料软、硬程度的指针。目前，生产中常用的硬度测量方法是压制硬度法。它是用一定的几何头在一定的载荷下压入金属表面，并根据压痕程度确定硬度值。

Hardness is a pointer that measures the softness and hardness of a metal material. At present, the commonly used hardness measurement method in production is the compaction hardness method. It uses a certain geometric head to press into the metal surface under a certain load, and determines the hardness value based on the degree of indentation.

常用的方法有布氏硬度(HB)、洛氏硬度(HRA、HRB、HRC)和维氏硬度(HV)。

The commonly used methods include Brinell hardness (HB), Rockwell hardness (HRA, HRB, HRC), and Vickers hardness (HV).

3.疲劳

3. Fatigue

以上所讨论的强度、塑性和硬度是金属在静载荷下的力学性能。事实上，许多机械零件都是在循环载荷下工作的，在这种情况下，零件就会产生疲劳。

The strength, plasticity, and hardness discussed above are the mechanical properties of metals under static load. In fact, many mechanical parts work under cyclic loads, in which case the parts will experience fatigue.

4.韧性

4. Resilience

以大速度作用在机器上的载荷称为冲击载荷，金属在冲击载荷下抵抗损伤的能力称为冲击韧性。

The load acting on the machine at high speed is called impact load, and the ability of metals to resist damage under impact load is called impact toughness.

5.强度

5. Strength

强度是指金属材料在静载下抵抗破坏(过度塑性变形或断裂)的能力。由于荷载作用方式有拉、压、弯、剪等形式，强度也可分为拉强度、压强度、弯强度、剪强度等。各种强度之间总有一定的联系，拉伸强度是使用中基本的强度指标。

Strength refers to the ability of a metal material to resist failure (excessive plastic deformation or fracture) under static load. Due to the various forms of load action such as tension, compression, bending, and shear, strength can also be divided into tensile strength, compressive strength, bending strength, shear strength, etc. There is always a certain connection between various strengths, and tensile strength is the basic strength indicator in use.

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