一、楼承板

1、 Floor support plate

楼承板又称钢承板、建筑压型钢板，采用镀锌钢板经辊压冷弯成型，其截面成V型、U型、梯形或类似这几种形状的波形，主要用作永久性模板，也可被选为其他用途。

Building support plate, also known as steel support plate or building profiled steel plate, is formed by rolling and cold bending galvanized steel plate. Its cross-section is V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or similar waveforms, mainly used as permanent formwork, and can also be selected for other purposes.

在使用阶段楼承板作为混凝土楼板的受拉钢筋，也提高了楼板的刚度，节省了钢筋和混凝土的用量。

During the usage stage, the floor support plate serves as the tensile steel bar for the concrete floor slab, which also improves the stiffness of the floor slab and saves the amount of steel and concrete used.

压型板表面压纹使楼承板与混凝土之间产生大的结合力，使二者形成整体，配以加劲肋，使楼承板系统具有高强承载力。

The surface embossing of the profiled panel creates a large bonding force between the floor slab and the concrete, forming a whole between the two. Combined with stiffeners, the floor slab system has high-strength bearing capacity.

压型钢板组合板(楼承板,钢承板)是一种十分合理的结构形式，它能够按其各组成部件所处的位置和特点，充分发挥钢材抗拉和混凝土抗压性能好的优点，并具有良好的抗震性能、施工性能。这种结构目前被广泛应用于国内外多高层建筑中。

The combination plate of profiled steel plates (floor support plate, steel support plate) is a very reasonable structural form. It can fully utilize the advantages of good tensile and compressive properties of steel and concrete according to the position and characteristics of its constituent components, and has good seismic and construction performance. This structure is currently widely used in multi story and high-rise buildings both domestically and internationally.

楼承板和普通钢筋混凝土楼板对比：

Comparison between floor slab and ordinary reinforced concrete floor slab:

1. 楼承板可作为现浇混凝土的永久模版，省掉了施工中安装和拆除模板的工序；

1. The floor slab can serve as a permanent template for cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the process of installing and removing templates during construction;

2. 楼承板安装好之后可以作为施工平台使用，同时由于不必使用临时支撑，也不影响下一层施工平面的工作；

2. After the installation of the floor support plate, it can be used as a construction platform. At the same time, it does not require temporary support and does not affect the work of the next floor construction plan;

3. 楼承板可作为楼板的底筋使用，减少了安装板筋的工作量；

3. The floor support plate can be used as the bottom reinforcement of the floor slab, reducing the workload of installing plate reinforcement;

4. 根据压型板刚才的不同界面形状，多可以减少30%的楼板混凝土用量，减少楼板自重又可以相应的减少梁、柱和基础的尺寸，提高了结构的整体性能；

4. According to the different interface shapes of the compression plate, the amount of concrete used in the floor slab can be reduced by 30%, reducing the self weight of the floor slab and correspondingly reducing the size of beams, columns, and foundations, thereby improving the overall performance of the structure;

二、工型钢

2、 I-shaped steel

工型钢称钢梁，是截面为工字形的长条钢材。其规格以腰高（h）*腿宽（b）*腰厚（d）的毫米数表示，如“工160*88*6”，即表示腰高160毫米，腿宽88毫米，腰厚6毫米的工型钢。工字钢分普通工字钢、轻型工字钢和H型钢三种。

I-shaped steel, also known as steel beams, is a long strip of steel with an I-shaped cross-section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d). For example, "I 160 * 88 * 6" represents an I-shaped steel with a waist height of 160 millimeters, leg width of 88 millimeters, and waist thickness of 6 millimeters. I-beams are divided into three types: ordinary I-beams, light I-beams, and H-beams.

普通工型钢和轻型工型钢的翼缘由根部向边上逐渐变薄的，有一定角度。由于它们截面尺寸相对较高、较窄，故对截面两个主袖的惯性矩相差较大，因此，一般仅用于在腹板平面内受弯的构件或将其组成格构式受力构件。对轴心受压构件或在垂直于腹板平面还有弯曲的构件均不采用，这是其在应用范围上有着很大的局限。

The flange of ordinary and lightweight I-beams gradually becomes thinner from the root to the edge, with a certain angle. Due to their relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, there is a significant difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves of the cross-section. Therefore, they are generally only used for components that are bent in the plane of the web or to form a lattice load-bearing component. It is not used for axially compressed components or components with bending perpendicular to the web plane, which has significant limitations in its application range.

工字钢广泛用于各种建筑结构、桥梁、车辆、支架、机械等。

I-beams are widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.

三、C型钢

3、 C-shaped steel

经热卷板冷弯加工，由C型钢成型机自动加工而成的。壁薄自重轻，截面性能优良，强度高，与传统槽钢相比，同等强度可节约材料30%。

It is processed by hot rolling and cold bending, and is automatically processed by a C-shaped steel forming machine. The wall is thin and lightweight, with excellent cross-sectional performance and high strength. Compared with traditional channel steel, the same strength can save materials by 30%.

C型钢檩条按高度不同分为80、100、120、140、160五种规格，长度可以根据工程设计而确定，但考虑到运输和安装等条件，全长一般不超过12米。

C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications based on their height: 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160. The length can be determined according to the engineering design, but considering transportation and installation conditions, the total length generally does not exceed 12 meters.

C型钢广泛应用于钢结构建筑的檩条，墙梁，也可自行组合成轻量型屋架、托架等建筑构件。此外，还可用于机械轻工制造中的柱、梁和臂等。

C-shaped steel is widely used in purlins, wall beams, and can also be assembled into lightweight building components such as roof trusses and brackets. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams, and arms in mechanical light industry manufacturing.

四、H型钢

4、 H-shaped steel

是由工字型钢优化发展而成的一种断面力学性能更为优良的经济型断面钢材尤其断面与英文字母“H”相同而得名。H型钢分为、宽翼缘型钢（HW）、中翼缘H型钢(HM)、窄翼缘H型钢（HN）、薄壁H钢（HT）、H型钢（HU）。

It is an economical section steel with better mechanical properties developed from optimized I-shaped steel, especially named after the same section as the English letter "H". H-shaped steel is divided into wide flange steel (HW), medium flange H-shaped steel (HM), narrow flange H-shaped steel (HN), thin-walled H-shaped steel (HT), and H-shaped steel (HU).

H型钢是一种新型经济建筑用钢。H型钢截面形状经济合理，力学性能好，轧制时截面上各点延伸较均匀、内应力小，与普通工字钢比较，具有截面模数大、重量轻、节省金属的优点，可使建筑结构减轻30-40%；又因其腿内外侧平行，腿端是直角，拼装组合成构件，可节约焊接、铆接工作量达25%。常用于承载能力大、截面稳定性好的大型建筑中的支架、基础桩等。

H-shaped steel is a new type of economic building steel. The cross-sectional shape of H-shaped steel is economically reasonable, with good mechanical properties. During rolling, the extension of each point on the section is relatively uniform and the internal stress is small. Compared with ordinary I-shaped steel, it has the advantages of large cross-sectional modulus, light weight, and metal saving, which can reduce the weight of building structures by 30-40%; Due to the parallel inner and outer sides of its legs and the right angled leg ends, it can be assembled into components, saving up to 25% of welding and riveting work. Commonly used as brackets, foundation piles, etc. in large buildings with high load-bearing capacity and good cross-sectional stability.

H型钢的优点：

Advantages of H-shaped steel:

翼缘宽，侧向刚度大。抗弯能力强。

Wide wing edge and high lateral stiffness. Strong bending resistance.

翼缘两表面相互平行使得连接、加工、安装简便。

The two surfaces of the wing edge are parallel to each other, making connection, processing, and installation simple.

与焊摄工字钢相比，成本低，精度高，残余应力小，无需昂贵的焊接材料和焊缝检测，节约钢结构制作成本30%左右。

Compared with welded I-beams, it has low cost, high accuracy, low residual stress, no need for expensive welding materials and weld seam testing, and saves about 30% of steel structure production costs.

相同截面负荷下．热轧H钢结构比传统钢结构重量减轻15%-20%

Under the same cross-sectional load, hot-rolled H-steel structures reduce weight by 15% -20% compared to traditional steel structures

与砼（tong）结构相比，热轧H钢结构可增大6%的使用面积，而结构自重减轻20%一30%，减少结构设计内力。

Compared with concrete structures, hot-rolled H-steel structures can increase their usage area by 6%, while reducing their self weight by 20-30% and reducing the internal forces in the structural design.

H型钢可加工成T型钢，蜂窝梁可经组合形成各种截面形式，极大满足工程设计与制作需求。

H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-sectional forms, greatly meeting the needs of engineering design and production.

五、工字钢 HW HM HN H型钢的区别

5、 The difference between H-shaped steel HW HM HN H-shaped steel

工字钢翼缘是变截面靠腹板部厚，外部薄；H型钢的翼缘是等截面，HW、HM、HN、H是H型钢的通称,H型钢是焊制；HW HM HN是热轧，HW 是H型钢高度和翼缘宽度基本相等主要用于钢筋砼框架结构柱中钢芯柱,也称劲性钢柱；在钢结构中主要用于柱。

The flange of I-beam is a variable cross-section with a thicker web plate and a thinner outer surface; The flange of H-shaped steel is of equal cross-section, and HW, HM, HN, and H are the general terms for H-shaped steel, which is welded; HW HM HN is hot-rolled, and HW is an H-shaped steel with a height and flange width that are basically equal. It is mainly used for steel core columns in reinforced concrete frame structures, also known as rigid steel columns; Mainly used for columns in steel structures.

HM 是H型钢高度和翼缘宽度比例大致为1.33~~1.75，主要在钢结构中:用做钢框架柱在承受动力荷载的框架结构中用做框架梁；例如:设备平台。

HM is an H-shaped steel with a height to flange width ratio of approximately 1.33 to 1.75, mainly used in steel structures as steel frame columns and as frame beams in frame structures subjected to dynamic loads; For example: device platform.

HN是H型钢高度和翼缘宽度比例大于等于2，主要用于梁；工字钢的用用途相当于HN型钢；

HN is an H-shaped steel with a height to flange width ratio greater than or equal to 2, mainly used for beams; The use of I-shaped steel is equivalent to that of HN shaped steel;